Saturday, 7 April 2012

Oke-Odo 42: When a nation fails its children

Nigerian children
As a youth corps member serving in Awkunawnaw Secondary School in Enugu, to get my monthly allowance at Umuchinemere Microfinance Bank, I must pass in front of the Holy Cross Rosary College, Enugu both to and fro, which from inside and outside represents a foremost educational institution, which till date offers pious comportment as curriculum coupled with quality educational environment for these wonderful children to grow up into responsible adults.
This is one school that protects its own jealously. However, far away from the watchful eyes of its progenitors, an avoidable and unfortunate tragedy occurred at Oke-Odo, Ogun State when 42 pupils of the school were reportedly waylaid, robbed and raped by armed robbers on their way to Lagos on Saturday, March 31. The attack on these children represents a grievous assault on our collective sanity and sanctity of human life; one attack too many on the foundation of this entity called Nigeria and the faith of millions of Nigerians.
In the final analysis, we have all failed them; we failed a generation of innocents; we failed at the breaking forth of a blossoming destiny; we failed 42 legacies that would probably become Okonjo-Iwealas, the 42 female students of Holy Cross Rosary College.
The Presidency has failed them, the National Assembly has failed them, Ogun and Enugu state governments have failed them; the Nigerian Police, Federal Road Safety Corps, and other state security apparatus have all failed.
Up till the time of writing this piece, President Goodluck Jonathan has not found his voice to condemn in strongest terms the perpetrators of this heinous act; the Governors of Ogun State, Ibikunle Amosun, and Enugu State, Sullivan Chime, carried on as ostriches with heads in the sand on the development, none has called for the arrest of the perpetrators of this evil.
It has been nine years since young Adeife and Akinola Sodipo-Akindeko were killed during an alleged robbery attempt on the convoy of Senator Iyabo Obasanjo-Bello in 2003. Pronto, state apparatus were deployed to arrest the culprits, which led to a brief closure of the border with Benin Republic.
Adeife and Akinola would have been nine years older now had they not been brutally murdered. What nation wastes its young population like Nigeria and expects prosperity? I know none.
The ordeal of these 42 secondary school pupils was not enough to draw the attention of any member of the Federal Executive Council not even the Vice –President, Senate President or the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Not even the Speaker of the Ogun State House of Assembly in whose domain this tragedy took place has thought it fit and proper to take a position on this evil and deploy state apparatus to bring speedy justice.
Do politicians move around in the night? If they do, have you observed the retinue of security apparatus that is deployed to secure them? The luxury bus in which the pupils were travelling was held in traffic, no thanks to bad roads, which our leaders would not fix year after year. Above all, they took the few well equipped security officers to guide themselves at the expense of 42 innocent schoolgirls.
So I ask, what is government for? Could this have happened to the children of our legislators and governors and they would have been silent? This argument of travelling at night which makes the victims and drivers culpable stands logic on the head.
Does the constitution not guarantee safety of lives and property? The Nigerian Constitution states clearly in Section 14, subsection 2(b) that, “the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government.” The primary purpose of all forms of governance from Local Government to Federal Government is to provide security and welfare.This was what every government swears to uphold at every inauguration. Is this the case with the “Oke-Odo 42″? So does this constitutional provision exclude travelling at night?
If the roads were good would the vehicles be breaking down intermittently? It is the collective failure of us all, Nigerian citizens, that have so far failed to call our rulers/leaders to question on governance; failure of the respective local government chairmen to secure their parts of that treacherous portion of Sagamu/Benin Expressway.
It’s the failure of the Ogun State government to tinker with its internal security apparatus to secure its domain. It’s the greater failure of the Federal Government, who failed to provide adequate security for the 42 schoolgirls.
The constitution states clearly that “…it shall be the duty of the State to provide adequate facilities for and encourage free mobility of people, goods and services throughout the Federation.”
These are the provisions of the Nigerian constitution that guarantee the safety of these children wherever they may be travelling to within the Nigerian federation. It’s therefore not tenable to explain it away that they were travelling at night made them or the driver culpable.
Robbery on that axis of the federal highway has been on the rise in recent times and what has the Nigerian Police and SSS done to secure victims?
This is one serial failure that ought to induce a total overhaul of the state security apparatus. Is it not shameful for the Ogun State police spokesman, Muyiwa Adejobi, to allude the escape of the culprits to the mastery of the terrain? You mean over the past 60 years, the Ogun State Police Command has yet to have knowledge of its terrain?
So, if you don’t know your terrain, why and what are you policing? After reading from parents and victims that the girls were violated, all our police spokesman told Nigerians was that “the police were not in the know of the rape as the students only complained about the robbery attack and not rape.” Did Adejobi conduct diligent investigation before arriving at his conclusion just because nobody reported?
Adejobi’s advice, though wise on the surface, lacked constitutional backing because the Nigerian constitution did not create movement dichotomy between daylight and night travel. It is stated clearly in Section 41, subsection (1) “Every citizen of Nigeria is entitled to move freely throughout Nigeria and to reside in any part thereof….” I am not a lawyer but I am informed of my rights which are constitutionally guaranteed but we have collectively accepted that we could live by being denied our basic rights.
Adejobi’s philosophy of ‘no night travel’ is just begging the question, because robbers operate in broad daylight on that same axis. Therefore, it means we should also avoid travelling in broad daylight. In another report, he told us that the police arrived and dislodged the hoodlums, so you dislodged them and not one was apprehended (Haba! The Ogun State Police Command you can do better).
Three days after the incident, the Police Command gleefully announced the arrest of the driver of the luxury bus and about four others. The question remains, are these real culprits or is it one of those public anger management antics of the police?
Ogun State has suddenly become the den of armed robbers yet its governor is busy chasing shadows while his state burns. He should refocus and learn from his closest neighbour, Governor Babatunde Fashola of Lagos.
Though Lagos is not totally crime-free, one can see that the Lagos Police Command demonstrates good policing strategy. I have observed that once a car breaks down on any major road at night, you can be sure that police patrol vans will park and possibly tow your vehicle to the nearest safe spot. This is not without the support of the Lagos State government and the Private Public Partnership with financial institutions.
Like I said earlier, in the final analysis we have all failed the Oke –Odo 42. Nothing will assuage the pain and anger of these young ones other than quick dispensation of justice through the arrest and prosecution of the real inglorious men.
The best justice to this sad commentary on our national psyche is to provide special emotional rehabilitation for the girls; provide for their education through a special scholarship scheme to the tertiary level and finally ensure the robber-rapists are apprehended even if it takes five years; they must be made to account for the event of March 31, 2012.
•Adesida wrote in from Lagos, via picazy@yahoo.com (text only: 08058230994)

Saturday, 30 July 2011

The Nigerian Dream, does it exist?

I have always  questioned this saying of the existence of the Nigerian dream. Like several other things we copy or transfer for other parts of the world,eg Nollywood,from Hollywood, this saying is after the American saying of the "American dream" but at least the American dream can be described and best understood by its citizens.In the last election in April, the pulse of the nation, the driving force/motive confirmed that we have successfully retroverted to regional alligiance, breaking further away at the attempt of " one nation". The Nigerian dream perhaps best describes the fight by our heroes past getting our independence and it got muddled up and has since died. It is not in existence under this shaky foundation we ve got.  It is only a lazy thought, a wishful thinking that it does. We can at least start from a statement of intent for the nation, if then the mission is understood and practiced could be adhered into a Nigerian dream, oops! that may be too much for our law makers to comprehend, but my guess is, since a dream is a vision and a nations dream is jointly envisioned it will be harder actualising a common goal now than ever in  the Nigeria of today.

Whats your take on this?

Thursday, 10 March 2011

SAVING KASARACHI...............

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My fellow Nigerians, I would like to bring to your attention, a matter which, if we are not careful, could- heaven forbid! - become the norm in Nigeria. I have already started raising awareness to solicit 'help' for the victim concerned, and even notified the Imo State Government and Governor- Ikedi Ohakim himself.
 
On the morning of Friday the 4th February 2011, neighbours residing in the vicinity of Nnekedi- Old road, in Owerri, Imo state became alarmed by an unusual scene at the residence of No. 5, and broke down the door to find a mother with her three grown up children in an unconscious state. After the intervention of medical personnel and the police, it was discovered that three of them had already died.
Eighteen year old Kasarachi, whom fate decided to keep alive, was rushed to the hospital but has been in a coma since then. Doctors say she was a victim of gas poisoning from generator fumes which had unfortunately killed her mother and her two siblings. The generator had been purchased by the family a day before their untimely death!
            
With the dedicated attention of doctors at the Federal Medical Centre, Orlu Road in Owerri- Imo state, Kasarachi’s recovery is a sure but slow one. However the medical bill is daunting! It costs Ten Thousand Naira per day to keep her in hospital- not including medication.   


 
Kasarachi’s deceased mother, Stella, was the sole breadwinner of the family, having lost Kasarachi’s father a few years ago.
 
The Newspaper- 'EXPRESS' in Imo state published a news article about this tragic incident on the 7th Feb., complete with photos of the dead. An attached copy is here for your perusal or can be sent to you via 'givelifeback2kasarachi@gmail.com' if you request again.
 
I am deeply saddened and disturbed by this incident as the victims were my Aunt and cousins. It is a pity that citizens have to generate their own electricity in a country that is meant to be a rich nation, and in the process, face rapid destruction.
This is not the first time I have heard of generator related deaths of my fellow Nigerians. It's a pity! The rest of the world is better off- thanks to the 50 year old plundering of our humanity, resources and dignity of life including access to basic amenities such as ELECTRICITY, Education, Health care, Housing, Security of Life, and all others. 

If citizens begin to die out one by one in this manner, who will be there to make up a state or nation?
 
I am hoping that the Imo state governor and those in government will be able to use their positions to generate publicity and support for Kasarachi who is an innocent victim. More so to help curb this 'real and growing' threat.
 
 If you would like to help, please contact us via email: givelifeback2kasarachi@gmail.com


Thank you,
 
Chinwe Azubuike

Tuesday, 22 February 2011

Nigerian Politics 102

ONE fellow had sought my advice on how he could become a candidate in the 2011 elections. He was hoping one of the major political parties will notice him, be impressed by his credentials and then invite him to lead the process of change in his constituency.

He has a Masters degree, many years of experience in the private sector; he spent 15 years in the United States, he has seen the world literally. He is comfortable, and he thinks he is the kind of knowledgeable and articulate person that can make a difference either as a Governor or a member of the National Assembly. I had to tell the fellow to stop dreaming! There may be some countries in the world where some individuals are specially invited to come and serve in a public capacity because of their sterling credentials, but certainly not in Nigeria. I asked him: does he belong to any political party? No. Does he know the grassroots politicians in his ward, including the ward chairman, deputy  chairman, councilors (old and new), the local cults, the witches and the wizards, the pastors and the imams, the Chairman of the Landlords Association, and particularly the area boys?

Has he ever been to their houses, bought marijuana and local gin for the area boys, tubers of yam and bags of rice for the big men? No. No. No. He thinks the local people are too mercantile, and he would rather not descend so low. “I see, I see,” I muttered, shaking my head. Does he have a Godfather, and if not, has he identified one? “No,” he said.  He wanted to start a long story about how he had lived in the United States, how he was a volunteer for the Bill Clinton Presidential campaign; something about his passion to transform Nigeria, and how he wants to make his own modest contribution because he believes Africa is the last frontier… I promptly told him to keep his imported ideas of politics to himself. The culture here is different. I recommended to him a crash course in Nigerian Politics 101 and 102 combined.

Nobody goes to anyone’s home to invite them to join politics and represent the community. With Nigerian lawmakers in Abuja earning as much as N40 million per month, and elected officials at other levels: Governors, House of Assembly lawmakers, councilors - all making a fortune out of politics, anyone who is hoping that his talents will be discovered by existing politicians is merely hallucinating. Why should anyone invite you, when they also want to make money for themselves and their families? These days, even carpenters are ready to put up a billboard and seek party tickets to go to the National Assembly, if they can. To become a professional politician, you simply have to join a party, collect a membership card, and get well known in your ward, the state and the party.  You have to start much earlier though; you shouldn’t wait till all the possible positions have been shared.  Oh yes, the positions are allocated long before the election by party chieftains. And for you to be considered for such allocations, you need certain guarantees.

The best guarantee is to be the son, daughter, nephew, niece, cousin, in-law, wife or mistress… of an influential politician. With that, you don’t need to do or say anything. The influential power broker, after many years of wheeling and dealing already knows the territory of Nigerian politics. He will smuggle you in there, and if you lose, he can still arrange an appointment for you. If you fall into this category, you only need to make appearances during election campaigns, print posters and pretend to be smart enough on your own merit. Lucky fellow, you can become Governor, Minister, Commissioner, Senator, House of Reps member, Board Chairman… Your Godfather has bought that space for you, by being a member of the in-crowd of the Nigerian political establishment. Your strongest credential is that you are related to him by blood or marriage. Why should he use his goodwill for the benefit of other people’s children when his own children also have Masters and Ph.D? You will be expected in the future to do the same for your own children and other relations. It is better to keep the business within the family. Get that straight:  politics is a business enterprise, a capital investment in Nigeria.

You don’t have a Godfather? Please, you must cultivate one or get out of politics.  Just identify a power broker with a record of achievement in politics and throw yourself under his wings. But don’t just join any political party. You must choose wisely. It is better to go with a political party that is popular in your area, and likely to win elections. All those foreign ideas about ideology and principles don’t work here. You can always change your party, as soon as it can no longer win elections in your constituency or it does not offer you want you want. You can always change your Godfather too. And if you are lucky, you could become very influential within the state or community, and gain an opportunity to dethrone the Godfather, and become the boss in due course.  But you must bid your time.

Politics in Nigeria is a very complex game: it doesn’t require any sacred beliefs or ideology. Don’t forget: this is about power, not your abilities or your commitment to the common good. While serving out your apprenticeship, you are expected to kow-tow to the Godfather. You must show that you can be relied upon to do the Godfathers’ bidding. If you have any original ideas, keep them to yourself. What do you know? The Godfather and his inner circle know it all.  If you show any sign of independence, your political career will end even before it starts.  If you are rich, you must be seen to be generous to the Godfather and the party, but don’t upstage the Boss.  If you are not rich, you can be useful in other ways. Be ready to run errands. Hang around. Some really ambitious young men report to the Godfather’s house every morning; they close for the day only when he goes to bed. You can be summoned at any hour; learn to smile a lot and say “Yes sir.”  Get your wife to become a friend of the Godfather’s wife. Through her, you can exert quiet behind-the-scenes influence.

Godfathers don’t like liabilities.  Demonstrate some potential. Try and get popular in your local area. Show the Godfather that you are also learning the ropes. Visit your ward regularly. Give the ward people money. Buy gifts for their wives. Attend naming ceremonies, weddings and funerals. Go to local drinking joints and declare free booze. Get close to the area boys, and make sure they know you are now a politician and who your Godfather is. Soon, you will acquire some name recognition. That helps. Of what use is a politician who has no following among local thugs? With time, you too should be able to boast about “the boys” under your control. The Godfather will be impressed. He knows you are his boy and that your boys know that you are his boy: he is the Boss of all bosses.  He expects you to tell your boys that he is the real masquerade. The day you begin to get high on your own supply, the same Godfather will find a rival for you in your own constituency. Or you may be ordered to step down. Politics is a game, not charity. The Godfather is investing; he expects returns. Play along.

Or maybe this time around, you didn’t get any party ticket. You are expected to remain loyal nevertheless. If the party wins, you could be rewarded with a public appointment: Commissioner, Board Chairman, Minister, Director General of an agency, or a Special Assistant/Adviser. It is a great opportunity and you are expected to make the best use of it. Some smart guys in the past have used such positions to make themselves very relevant. A certain level of notoriety may also help. Use the position to promote yourself with the public, while pretending to be better than everyone else. Who knows? In the next election, you could suddenly show up as a Presidential candidate or a Senatorial aspirant. Nobody is going to ask questions. They know you already. It is your luck.

You have done well, brother, you have now been given the opportunity to be a candidate in the 2011 elections. You have been given the party’s flag. How did you get here? Never forget that. Your Godfather asked some better qualified persons to step down for you. They are angry, they have gone to other political parties and they are prepared to sabotage you. They believe they are better qualified. They think it is the turn of their political zone, ethnic group, or family to produce the next candidate for that position and that they have been cheated. You and your “political family” – your relationship with the godfather is non-linear, it involves other stakeholders - have managed to stay ahead by buying up voters cards during the voters’ registration exercise.

In 2011, INEC introduced the idea of thumb-printing and computer registration. They think they are smart. But your cabal has bought up the cards, and taken down the names and addresses of the voters on your pay roll. You have to remain in touch with them till election day. On D-Day, your party will organise transportation to the polling booth, feeding and financial assistance for the voters. You have bribed the Resident Electoral Commissioner. You have taken care of the election officials with a promise of more to come. Your party thugs are on standby. They have been equipped for the war ahead.  It is the UN that calls it an election, in Africa it is war. That is why in Cote d’Ivoire, Laurent Gbagbo, a Professor of History and his supporters are insisting that the only alternative to their being dislodged from power is a full blown civil war.

You still have to go out there and campaign, though. The Godfather(s) will lead the campaign. But if you are a Presidential or Gubernatorial candidate, you’d get a chance to do and say a lot more than others. Print and distribute posters. Erect billboards. Make sure you look handsome in the photograph. And if you have a big tummy, hide it. People are turned off by ugly faces. They may think the first thing you’d do when you get to office is to steal public funds to go and do a plastic surgery.  Engage the services of a good photographer and try out many attires. There is something called photo-shop. The photographer knows what to do. In this age of technology, you can be made to look handsome. Have a fashion code.  Introduce a unique element to your wardrobe. But don’t dress like “a rascal” or “a drunken sailor fisherman”.  Tell the electorate that you are not really interested in a position, you are happy running your successful business and that by accepting to run for public office, in response to pressures from every quarter, you are in fact taking a pay cut and your businesses are likely to suffer. In fact, you won’t spend more than a term of four years in office. Don’t bother, in four years time, nobody will remember and if they do, abuse journalists for quoting you out of context.

Religion helps. The people are impressed by it. Start going to church regularly, attend night vigils, ask the Pastors to pray for you, if possible, let them lay their hands on you and proclaim your anointment!  Remember to do something for the church and the Pastor. They expect you to pay for all the prayers. If you are a Muslim, go and learn some Quranic verses by rote and mouth them at every convenient opportunity. If you are too dumb to learn anything, then just learn to preface every speech with Bismillahi Rahamani Raheem and end it with Allahu Akbar.  Know your constituency. Recruit media consultants.  Let them put your pictures in the papers and make you look good. It does not matter that your involvement with the private sector in the United States was as a shop floor attendant at Macy’s for 15 years. You are now an international businessman!

Cultivate traditional rulers. They can be very good party agents - for a fee of course. Pay their children’s school fees. Send their wives abroad on holiday. They will soon give you chieftaincy titles. Collect as many as you can.  Add as many prefixes as possible to your name: High Chief, Double Chief, even the commonest one will do: Otunba.  Even Igbo politicians these days bear Otunba. Nobody is going to query you.  Learn how to abuse your opponents. You don’t have to discuss programmes, just mount the soap box and threaten to wrestle your opponents to the ground, and crush them. Talk nicely about your Godfather, and remind them that their own Godfather is an ex-convict.

But before then, send your wife and children and your aged parents abroad until after the election. They could be kidnapped or assassinated by your enemies, to spite you.  Opponents are enemies in Nigeria. Recruit bodyguards. You will also need an anti-bomb squad as part of your advance party.  Don’t even get into a car until the anti-bomb squad has checked it. Never eat in public. Don’t even take a sip of water. You could be poisoned. Hold your campaigns inside enclosed spaces. Once you gather enough crowd, make sure all entrances and exits are locked.  You can’t risk some of the audience walking out on you while you are making a speech, they may be double agents who have been paid by your enemies to ridicule you. Imprison them until they have served your purpose…By the way, join a secret society… For now, this is all you need. There are other pathways for another day


Reuben Abati

Culled from Nigerian Guardian


Saturday, 19 February 2011

THE CALL.


1.        “Arise 0 compatriot, Nigeria’s call obey” - so says our sacred National
Anthem. The call of the Nation is a call above self. It is the call to all
well-meaning citizens of this great country to play their part, so that the labour of our fathers and leaders will not be in vain, and a better future is guaranteed to the younger generations and indeed future generations yet unborn.

Nigeria, with its diversity, is the most populous country in Africa and as such plays a crucial role in the world order. The world needs a stable Nigeria, being one of the largest suppliers of oil in the world. Oil and Gas certainly are the instruments of the new world order; they are the hobs on the wheels of world development.
It is indeed a blessing that Nigeria is rich in Oil and Gas.

2.       Oil and Gas are increasingly becoming the foundation of the Nigerian economy and the key to its future. The need has thus arisen for the nation to harness its Oil and Gas potentials so as to take advantage of the opportunities there from.
Nigeria needs a change, almost in every sphere of her life. In the Oil and Gas industry - which today is the backbone of the nation, there is need for change. Most of the laws that govern the Oil and Gas industry are currently in the process of review and amendment. There is therefore the need for proffessionals with vast knowledge.
Socially, Nigeria needs a change. The people need socio -cultural reorientation. Economically, the reform has commenced. Politically, Nigeria needs a change in attitude to leadership and stewardship. Nigeria needs leaders that are genuinely committed to the overall development of the country. There is need to ensure that corrupt and bankrupt minds do not take over the affairs of leadership in this country again.
3.       The challenge requires all hands to be on deck to lift the nation up. Each and every patriotic citizen of this country should contribute his or her quota to the crusade of making Nigeria rise up to its position and place of pride in the world. Our Anthem says:
“Arise 0 compatriots, Nigeria’s call obey, to serve our fatherland with love and strength and faith”.
A rational decision will be to VOTE for a credible candidate. A person with integrity, a history of consistency, and a clear understanding of the needs of the people and the problems of the society.

OUR EXPECTATION
FROM THOSE THAT
WILL REPRESENT US

1.       Creation of sustainable grass-root oriented agricultural programme that would enhance the purchasing power of the common man.

2.       Rehabilitation of special skill acquisition centers that would encourage the drive for entrepreneurial excellence.

3.       Provision of a special support system for gifted children.

4.       Enlightenment on the various types of scholarships available
and facilitating means of accessing them.

5.       Creation of a realistic waste to wealth conversion programme.

6.       Youth empowerment through technical development and
technological apprenticeship scheme.

7.       Supporting lean & small government.

8.       Support anti graft law &the fight against corruption.

9.       Privatization of the refineries / Power

10.   Promotion of enabling laws to eliminate importation of
petroleum products into the country.


Let us listen to our Senator from one of the Committee “he would not lobby for fund in 2011 to maintain our past Head of State and said they should sacrifice the perks of development and employment, which they failed to provide during their regime. The hospitals have no drugs, the roads are bad, there is no electricity, most graduate are unemployed. The past leaders are more than comfortable. In a situation where there are lots of unemployed graduates roaming the street and threatening a revolution, rather than give this money to them, we should use it to generate employment “
Ref- NIGERIAN COMPASS FEBRUARY 17 2011 front page quote

This seems to be election time talks, what is National Assembly doing to cut its pay to reflect the will of Nigerians? We should not be fool for another four years. Twelve years of the ruling party PDP that controls both the Executive and the Legislative arms is enough to make meaningful changes in our lives. It also controls more than two thirds of the States and local government.

The actualization of our aspiration that would promote the welfare of our people to facilitate better living standard for the generality of our people depends on the right choice we make with our VOTE. VOTE Alhaji Mohammadu  Buhari for the PRESIDENT  of the federal republic of Nigeria to save Nigeria from economic collapse.  Listen to late Chief Obafemi Awolowo in 1983. He said at the World Press Conference to the press that “1983 is our last chance for democracy that if we fail to elect the right person to the presidency we may never get the democracy of our desire. He further expatiated that what we are going to get will be like democracy while actually it not “. Today we do not have government of the people for the people that addresses the yearning of our timing population. Politicians of today look after their cronies and family members hence our infrastructural total broke down.
To restore our hope which AWO talked about till he died in 1987, we should vote for General Buhari retired, to restore our dignity in the comittee of nations. A nation that continues to import sub standard petroleum product into the country and accepts that as norm is crazy.
Nigeria is one of the most influential members of the OPEC that produces 2.4 million barrel of oil par day and yet imports petroleum product with broken down refineries infrastructure despite billions of naira spent with nothing to show for, I think is criminal. This development started from Abacha till date. The PDP ruling government has no answer for it than to claims that since President Jonathan no queue at the filling station. May we ask at what cost to our country and the economy? No answer to power issue and infrastructure.

We want somebody that will take these issues head-on and that person is Buhari an incorruptible gentleman and is only crooks that would worry about Buhari’s Presidency.
VOTE FOR BUHARI